What is a consequence of the damage caused by Spongy Moths?

Decreased tree vigor is a direct consequence of damage caused by Spongy Moths. These pests feed on the leaves of various tree species, particularly hardwoods, which can significantly impact the trees' ability to photosynthesize effectively. When trees lose a substantial amount of their foliage due to caterpillar feeding, their overall health and vigor are compromised. This diminished vigor can lead to reduced growth rates, increased susceptibility to diseases, and difficulty in surviving stress conditions such as drought.

Improved tree health, enhanced biodiversity, and increased fruit production are not associated with the impacts of Spongy Moths. Instead, the presence of these pests typically results in negative ecological effects and a decline in forest health and resilience.